《十渐不克终疏》拼音版

唐代:魏征

十shi渐jian不bu克ke终zhong疏shu

臣chen观guan自zi古gu帝di王wang受shou图tu定ding鼎ding,皆jie欲yu传zhuan之zhi万wan代dai,贻yi厥jue孙sun谋mou,故gu其qi垂chui拱gong岩yan廊lang,布bu政zheng天tian下xia,其qi语yu道dao也ye必bi先xian淳chun朴pu而er抑yi浮fu华hua,其qi论lun人ren也ye必bi贵gui忠zhong良liang而er鄙bi邪xie佞ning,言yan制zhi度du也ye则ze绝jue奢she靡mi而er崇chong俭jian约yue,谈tan物wu产chan也ye则ze重zhong谷gu帛bo而er贱jian珍zhen奇qi。然ran受shou命ming之zhi初chu,皆jie遵zun之zhi以yi成cheng治zhi;稍shao安an之zhi后hou,多duo反fan之zhi而er败bai俗su。其qi故gu何he哉zai?岂qi不bu以yi居ju万wan乘cheng之zhi尊zun,有you四si海hai之zhi富fu,出chu言yan而er莫mo己ji逆ni,所suo为wei而er人ren必bi从cong,公gong道dao溺ni于yu私si情qing,礼li节jie亏kui于yu嗜shi欲yu故gu也ye?语yu曰yue:“非fei知zhi之zhi难nan,行xing之zhi惟wei难nan;非fei行xing之zhi难nan,终zhong之zhi斯si难nan。”所suo言yan信xin矣yi。伏fu惟wei陛bi下xia,年nian甫fu弱ruo冠guan,大da拯zheng横heng流liu,削xiao平ping区qu宇yu,肇zhao开kai帝di业ye。贞zhen观guan之zhi初chu,时shi方fang克ke壮zhuang,抑yi损sun嗜shi欲yu,躬gong行xing节jie俭jian,内nei外wai康kang宁ning,遂sui臻zhen至zhi治zhi。论lun功gong则ze汤tang、武wu不bu足zu方fang;语yu德de则ze尧yao、舜shun未wei为wei远yuan。臣chen自zi抉jue居ju左zuo右you,十shi有you余yu年nian,每mei侍shi帷wei幄wo,屡lv奉feng明ming旨zhi。常chang许xu仁ren义yi之zhi道dao,守shou之zhi而er不bu失shi;俭jian约yue之zhi志zhi,终zhong始shi而er不bu渝yu。一yi言yan兴xing邦bang,斯si之zhi谓wei也ye。德de音yin在zai耳er,敢gan忘wang之zhi乎hu?而er顷qing年nian已yi来lai,稍shao乖guai曩nang志zhi,敦dun朴pu之zhi理li,渐jian不bu克ke终zhong。谨jin以yi所suo闻wen,列lie之zhi如ru左zuo:陛bi下xia贞zhen观guan之zhi初chu,无wu为wei无wu欲yu,清qing静jing之zhi化hua,远yuan被bei遐xia荒huang。考kao之zhi于yu今jin,其qi风feng渐jian堕duo,听ting言yan则ze远yuan超chao于yu上shang圣sheng,论lun事shi则ze未wei逾yu于yu中zhong主zhu。何he以yi言yan之zhi?汉han文wen、晋jin武wu俱ju非fei上shang哲zhe,汉han文wen辞ci千qian里li之zhi马ma,晋jin武wu焚fen雉zhi头tou之zhi裘qiu。今jin则ze求qiu骏jun马ma于yu万wan里li,市shi珍zhen奇qi于yu域yu外wai,取qu怪guai于yu道dao路lu,见jian轻qing于yu戎rong狄di,此ci其qi渐jian不bu克ke终zhong,一yi也ye。昔xi子zi贡gong问wen理li人ren于yu孔kong子zi,孔kong子zi曰yue:“懔lin乎hu若ruo配pei索suo之zhi驭yu六liu马ma。”子zi贡gong曰yue:“何he其qi畏wei哉zai?”子zi曰yue:“不bu以yi道dao导dao之zhi,则ze吾wu雠chou也ye,若ruo何he其qi无wu畏wei纂zuan?”故gu《书shu》曰yue:“民min惟wei邦bang本ben,本ben固gu邦bang宁ning。”为wei人ren上shang者zhe奈nai何he不bu敬jing?陛bi下xia贞zhen观guan之zhi始shi,视shi人ren如ru伤shang的de,恤xu其qi勤qin劳lao,爱ai民min犹you子zi,每mei存cun简jian约yue,无wu所suo营ying为wei。顷qing年nian已yi来lai,意yi在zai奢she纵zong,忽hu忘wang卑bei俭jian,轻qing用yong人ren力li,乃nai云yun:“百bai姓xing无wu事shi则ze骄jiao逸yi,劳lao役yi则ze易yi使shi。”自zi古gu以yi来lai,未wei有you百bai姓xing逸yi乐le而er致zhi倾qing败bai者zhe也ye,何he有you逆ni畏wei其qi骄jiao逸yi,而er故gu欲yu劳lao役yi者zhe哉zai?恐kong非fei兴xing邦bang之zhi至zhi言yan,岂qi安an人ren之zhi长chang算suan?此ci其qi渐jian不bu克ke终zhong,二er也ye。陛bi下xia贞zhen观guan之zhi初chu,损sun己ji以yi利li物wu,至zhi于yu今jin日ri,纵zong欲yu以yi劳lao人ren,卑bei俭jian之zhi迹ji岁sui改gai,,骄jiao侈chi之zhi情qing日ri异yi。虽sui忧you人ren之zhi言yan不bu绝jue于yu口kou,而er乐le身shen之zhi事shi实shi切qie于yu心xin。或huo时shi欲yu有you所suo营ying,虑lv人ren致zhi谏jian,乃nai云yun:“若ruo不bu为wei此ci,不bu便bian我wo身shen。”人ren臣chen之zhi情qing,何he可ke复fu争zheng?此ci直zhi意yi在zai杜du谏jian者zhe之zhi口kou,岂qi日ri择ze善shan而er行xing者zhe乎hu?此ci其qi渐jian不bu克ke终zhong,三san也ye。立li身shen成cheng败bai,在zai于yu所suo染ran们men,兰lan芷zhi鲍bao鱼yu,与yu之zhi俱ju化hua,慎shen乎hu所suo习xi,不bu可ke不bu思si。陛bi下xia贞zhen观guan之zhi初chu,砥di砺li名ming节jie,不bu私si于yu物wu,唯wei善shan是shi与yu,亲qin爱ai君jun子zi,疏shu斥chi小xiao人ren,今jin则ze不bu然ran,轻qing亵xie小xiao人ren,礼li重zhong君jun子zi。重zhong君jun子zi也ye,敬jing而er远yuan之zhi;轻qing小xiao人ren也ye,狎xia而er近jin之zhi巧qiao。近jin之zhi则ze不bu见jian其qi非fei,远yuan之zhi则ze莫mo知zhi其qi是shi。莫mo知zhi其qi是shi,则ze不bu问wen而er自zi疏shu,不bu见jian其qi非fei,则ze有you时shi而er自zi昵ni。昵ni近jin小xiao人ren,非fei致zhi理li之zhi道dao;疏shu远yuan君jun子zi,岂qi兴xing邦bang之zhi义yi?此ci其qi渐jian不bu克ke终zhong,四si也ye。《书shu》曰yue:“不bu作zuo无wu益yi害hai有you益yi,功gong乃nai成cheng;不bu贵gui异yi物wu贱jian用yong物wu,人ren乃nai足zu。犬quan马ma非fei其qi土tu性xing不bu畜xu,珍zhen禽qin奇qi兽shou弗fu育yu于yu国guo。”陛bi下xia贞zhen观guan之zhi初chu,动dong遵zun尧yao、舜shun,捐juan金jin抵di璧bi,反fan朴pu还huan淳chun。顷qing年nian以yi来lai,好hao尚shang奇qi异yi,难nan得de之zhi货huo,无wu运yun不bu臻zhen;珍zhen玩wan之zhi作zuo,无wu时shi能neng止zhi。上shang好hao奢she靡mi而er望wang下xia敦dun朴pu,未wei之zhi有you也ye。末mo作zuo滋zi兴xing,而er求qiu丰feng实shi,其qi不bu可ke得de亦yi已yi明ming矣yi。此ci其qi渐jian不bu克ke终zhong,五wu也ye。贞zhen观guan之zhi初chu,求qiu贤xian如ru渴ke,善shan人ren所suo举ju,信xin而er任ren之zhi,取qu其qi所suo长chang,恒heng恐kong不bu及ji。近jin岁sui已yi来lai,由you心xin好hao恶e弘hong,或huo从cong善shan举ju而er用yong之zhi,要yao或huo一yi人ren毁hui而er弃qi之zhi,或huo积ji年nian任ren而er用yong之zhi,或huo一yi朝chao疑yi而er远yuan之zhi。夫fu行xing有you素su履lv,事shi有you成cheng迹ji,所suo毁hui之zhi人ren,未wei必bi可ke信xin于yu所suo举ju;积ji年nian之zhi行xing,不bu应ying顿dun失shi于yu一yi朝chao。君jun子zi之zhi怀huai,蹈dao仁ren义yi而er弘hong大da德de,小xiao人ren之zhi性xing,好hao谗chan佞ning以yi为wei身shen谋mou,陛bi下xia不bu审shen察cha其qi根gen源yuan,而er轻qing为wei之zhi减jian否fou,是shi使shi守shou道dao者zhe日ri疏shu,干gan求qiu者zhe日ri进jin,所suo以yi人ren思si苟gou免mian,莫mo能neng尽jin力li。此ci其qi渐jian不bu克ke终zhong,六liu也ye。陛bi下xia初chu登deng大da位wei,高gao居ju深shen视shi,事shi惟wei清qing静jing,心xin无wu嗜shi欲yu,内nei除chu毕bi弋yi之zhi物wu,外wai绝jue畋tian猎lie之zhi源yuan。数shu载zai之zhi后hou,不bu能neng固gu志zhi,虽sui无wu十shi旬xun之zhi逸yi,或huo过guo三san驱qu之zhi礼li,遂sui使shi盘pan游you之zhi娱yu,见jian讥ji于yu百bai姓xing,鹰ying犬quan之zhi贡gong,远yuan及ji于yu四si夷yi。或huo时shi教jiao习xi之zhi处chu,道dao路lu遥yao远yuan,侵qin晨chen而er出chu,入ru夜ye方fang还huan,以yi驰chi骋cheng为wei欢huan,莫mo虑lv不bu虞yu之zhi变bian,事shi之zhi不bu测ce,其qi可ke救jiu乎hu?此ci其qi渐jian不bu克ke终zhong,七qi也ye。孔kong子zi曰yue:“君jun使shi臣chen以yi礼li,臣chen事shi君jun以yi忠zhong。”然ran则ze君jun之zhi待dai臣chen,义yi不bu可ke薄bao。陛bi下xia初chu践jian大da位wei,敬jing以yi接jie下xia,君jun恩en下xia流liu,臣chen情qing上shang达da,咸xian思si竭jie力li,心xin无wu所suo隐yin。顷qing年nian已yi来lai,多duo所suo忽hu略lue,或huo外wai官guan充chong使shi,奏zou事shi入ru朝chao,思si睹du阙que庭ting,将jiang陈chen所suo见jian,欲yu言yan则ze颜yan色se不bu接jie,欲yu请qing又you恩en礼li不bu加jia,间jian因yin所suo短duan,诘jie其qi细xi过guo,虽sui有you聪cong辩bian之zhi略lue,莫mo能neng申shen其qi忠zhong款kuan,而er望wang上shang下xia同tong心xin,君jun臣chen交jiao泰tai,不bu亦yi难nan乎hu?此ci其qi渐jian不bu克ke终zhong,八ba也ye。傲ao不bu可ke长chang,欲yu不bu可ke纵zong,乐le不bu可ke极ji,志zhi不bu可ke满man。四si者zhe,前qian王wang所suo以yi致zhi福fu,通tong贤xian以yi为wei深shen诫jie。陛bi下xia贞zhen观guan之zhi初chu,孜zi孜zi不bu怠dai,屈qu已yi从cong人ren,恒heng若ruo不bu足zu。顷qing年nian已yi来lai,微wei有you矜jin放fang,恃shi功gong业ye之zhi大da,意yi蔑mie前qian王wang,负fu圣sheng智zhi之zhi明ming,心xin轻qing当dang代dai,此ci傲ao之zhi长chang也ye。欲yu有you所suo为wei,皆jie取qu遂sui意yi,纵zong或huo抑yi情qing从cong谏jian,终zhong是shi不bu能neng忘wang怀huai,此ci欲yu之zhi纵zong也ye。志zhi在zai嬉xi游you,情qing无wu厌yan倦juan,虽sui未wei全quan妨fang政zheng事shi,不bu复fu专zhuan心xin治zhi道dao,此ci乐le将jiang极ji也ye。率lv土tu乂yi安an,四si夷yi款kuan服fu,仍reng远yuan劳lao士shi马ma,问wen罪zui遐xia裔yi,此ci志zhi将jiang满man也ye。亲qin狎xia者zhe阿a旨zhi而er不bu肯ken言yan,疏shu远yuan者zhe畏wei威wei而er莫mo敢gan谏jian,积ji而er不bu已yi,将jiang亏kui圣sheng德de。此ci其qi渐jian不bu克ke终zhong,九jiu也ye。昔xi陶tao唐tang、成cheng汤tang之zhi时shi非fei无wu灾zai患huan,而er称cheng其qi圣sheng德de者zhe,以yi其qi有you始shi有you终zhong,无wu为wei无wu欲yu,遇yu灾zai则ze极ji其qi忧you勤qin,时shi安an则ze不bu骄jiao不bu逸yi故gu也ye。贞zhen观guan之zhi初chu,频pin年nian霜shuang旱han,畿ji内nei户hu口kou并bing就jiu关guan外wai,携xie负fu老lao幼you,来lai往wang数shu千qian,曾zeng无wu一yi户hu逃tao亡wang,一yi人ren怨yuan苦ku,此ci诚cheng由you识shi陛bi下xia矜jin育yu之zhi怀huai,所suo以yi至zhi死si无wu携xie贰er。顷qing年nian已yi来lai,疾ji于yu徭yao役yi,关guan中zhong之zhi人ren,劳lao弊bi尤you甚shen。杂za匠jiang之zhi徒tu,下xia日ri悉xi留liu和he雇gu,正zheng兵bing之zhi辈bei,上shang番fan多duo别bie驱qu使shi,和he市shi之zhi物wu绝jue于yu乡xiang闾lv,递di送song之zhi夫fu相xiang继ji于yu道dao路lu。既ji有you所suo弊bi,易yi为wei惊jing扰rao,脱tuo因yin水shui旱han,谷gu麦mai不bu收shou,恐kong百bai姓xing之zhi心xin,不bu能neng如ru前qian日ri之zhi宁ning帖tie。此ci其qi渐jian不bu克ke终zhong,十shi也ye。臣chen闻wen“祸huo福fu无wu门men,唯wei人ren所suo召zhao。人ren无wu衅xin焉yan,妖yao不bu妄wang作zuo。伏fu惟wei陛bi下xia统tong天tian御yu宇yu十shi有you三san年nian,道dao洽qia寰huan中zhong,威wei加jia海hai外wai,年nian谷gu丰feng稔ren,礼li教jiao聿yu兴xing,比bi屋wu喻yu于yu可ke封feng如ru,菽shu粟su同tong于yu水shui火huo。暨ji乎hu今jin岁sui,天tian灾zai流liu行xing,炎yan气qi致zhi旱han,乃nai远yuan被bei于yu郡jun国guo;凶xiong丑chou作zuo孽nie,忽hu近jin起qi于yu毂gu下xia。夫fu天tian何he言yan哉zai?垂chui象xiang示shi诫jie如ru,斯si诚cheng陛bi下xia惊jing惧ju之zhi辰chen,忧you勤qin之zhi日ri也ye。若ruo见jian诫jie而er惧ju,择ze善shan而er从cong,同tong周zhou文wen之zhi小xiao心xin,追zhui殷yin汤tang之zhi罪zui己ji。前qian王wang所suo以yi致zhi理li者zhe,勤qin而er行xing之zhi;今jin时shi所suo以yi败bai德de者zhe,思si而er改gai之zhi。与yu物wu更geng新xin,易yi人ren视shi听ting,则ze宝bao祚zuo无wu疆jiang,普pu天tian幸xing甚shen,何he祸huo败bai之zhi有you乎hu?然ran则ze社she稷ji安an危wei。国guo家jia治zhi乱luan,在zai于yu一yi人ren而er已yi。当dang今jin太tai平ping之zhi基ji,既ji崇chong极ji天tian之zhi峻jun;九jiu仞ren之zhi积ji,犹you亏kui一yi篑kui之zhi功gong。千qian载zai休xiu期qi,时shi难nan再zai得de,明ming主zhu可ke为wei而er不bu为wei,微wei臣chen所suo以yi郁yu结jie而er长chang叹tan者zhe也ye。臣chen诚cheng愚yu

魏征简介

唐代·魏征的简介

魏征

魏徵(580年-643年2月11日),字玄成。汉族,隋唐时期巨鹿人,唐朝政治家。曾任谏议大夫、左光禄大夫,封郑国公,谥文贞,为凌烟阁二十四功之一。以直谏敢言著称,是中国史上最负盛名的谏臣。著有《隋书》序论,《梁书》、《陈书》、《齐书》的总论等。其言论多见《贞观政要》。其中最著名,并流传下来的谏文表---《谏太宗十思疏》。他的重要言论大都收录《魏郑公谏录》和《贞观政要》两本书里。

...〔► 魏征的诗(1篇)〕